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Passing Parameter to a Dos/Windows Batch File

Some time we need to provide the parameters ( the data to be processed ) to a batch file at the time of calling the batch process. Suppose we want to add two numbers by a batch file. So, let's consider a name for the batch file, say, add.bat Now, if we want to add 4 and 5 by this batch file we have to write on the command prompt as, add 4 5 Then it will show the result 9 In a batch file the parameters are referred by numbering like, for the discussed batch file %1 refers the first value of parameter, i.e., 4 and %2 refers 5 . So the content of the batch file will be.... @echo off set/a sum= %1 + %2 echo %sum% echo on Comments on each line............... @echo off :: This command will off the echoing (displaying) the next commands until the echoing is on. set/a sum= %1 + %2 :: This Command evaluate the addition process and store the value in a variable named sum . /a is a switch for set command to evaluate any expression. echo %sum% ...

Flip-Flop Conversion

Flip-Flop is a memory element. You can say a basic element. It is a circuit that can hold a binary state (0 or 1 as low or high volts) until an input to change that state. We have many flip-flops as SR Flip-Flop (Set Reset) D Flip-Flop (Data) JK Flip-Flop T Flip-Flop (Toggle) Those Flip-Flops are available in market in IC Package Form. Now You have a circuit that uses 1 JK and 1 D Flip-Flop and 3 NOT Gates. So you have to buy three ICs- one for JK, one for D and other for NOT Gate. Ultimately you will see that a flip flop in IC of JK, a flip-flop in D IC and 3 NOT gates are not used. Now, if you convert a JK flip flop into D flip flop then you didn’t have to pay for the D flip flop IC. So, your circuit will be made by 2 ICs in place of 3 and in cheap cost. This article is for that reason. How the Flip-Flops are converted from one to other. Procedure: 1. Write Qt and Qt+1 Table with 4 combination of 0 and 1. 2. Write columns for inputs of destination Flop-Fl op. 3. Write the ce...

Journey for Shanti Niketan

GHORA Aaj bhor 4:30 se uthlaam . Shantiniketan jabo, Rabindra Nath Tagore er University te (Vishva Bharati). Jaai hok uthe snan korlaam, khelaam. Eto Sakaale Khaaoya jay naa tobuo. Station e elaam Cycle niye. Bhorer aalo sabe futchhe. Rastaay NewsPaper wala, Sabji wala ra je jaar Kaaje Jaachchhe. Cycle Garage o to takhon khole naa. Cycle ta Garage baarhir pichhone lock kore rekhe dilaam. Kaal aboshyo bola chhilo. Station-e (KHD) elaam 5:00 taay. Ticket Kaatbo. Counter Kholaa nei. Light jwalchhe kintu taalaa bandho. Bhalo kathaa. Katlaam Naa. Dekhi Train Ese Gelo. Uthlaam. Seat-e giye boslaam. Dekhi, Keu News Paper, Keu Dokaner Jonnyo Maalpatro niye firchhe, keu kaaje jaachchhe doore. Jara Dokaaner Malpatro niye firchchhe taaraa dekhi dhulchhe. Aar News Paper walara Station-e Jate Taratari namte paare sejonyo Gate-er kaachhe daariye aachhe, ready hoye. Anek News Paper to! Tabe Sobji waalaader bhirh-firh nei. Up Train to, Sejonyo! Aboshyo taate Sameeran Da durgandher haat theke ektu re...

Earn Rs.2000 daily. No Investment

Wanted Online Internet job workers. Job is only through Internet. Work part time. You can earn Rs.750-2000/- daily. These are genuine Internet jobs. No Investment required . Only serious enquires please. For more details visit http://www.earnparttimejobs.com/index.php?id=1985998 This is for indians also.

An Easy Graphics Program to show Mouse pointer.

Here a program to show mouse pointer in dos graphics mode and also sense the clicking effect. Just Enjoy it. #include<stdio.h> #include<dos.h> #include<graphics.h> #include<conio.h> void main() { int gd=DETECT,gm,x,y; union REGS in,out; initgraph(&gd,&gm,""); in.x.ax=0; int86(0x33,&in,&out); in.x.ax=1; int86(0x33,&in,&out); in.x.ax=3; while(!kbhit()) { int86(0x33,&in,&out); x=out.x.cx; y=out.x.dx; if(out.x.bx==1) putpixel(x,y,RED); } closegraph(); } **Before running the program u have 2 copy the file named 'egibgi.bgi' in the current directory.